written on the parchment was scratched out

Libraries of the Carolingian era). IN

drafts of literary works

Since manuscripts are subject to deterioration

so expensive material

ancient and medieval Latin,

, text and illustrations to which

"Julia's Garland" (fr. Guirlande de Julie)

... As a rule, the manuscript is called

consists of the book itself

way. Handwritten book

handwritten synonym

(palimpsests). In the XIII-XV centuries in

and was erased, and on cleaned